Ikhithi inokubonwa ngokusemgangathweni kwe-in vitro iintlobo ezingama-28 ze-papillomaviruses yabantu (HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54 56, 58, 59, 61, 66, 68, 73, 81, 82, 83) nucleic acid, kodwa ayinakuchwethezwa ngokupheleleyo.Inokubonelela kuphela ngeendlela ezincedisayo zokuxilonga kunye nonyango losulelo lwe-HPV.